差分

この文書の現在のバージョンと選択したバージョンの差分を表示します。

--- mae3xx_tips:setup_docker:create_bootable_sd:start [2018/12/18 13:51]
admin
+++ mae3xx_tips:setup_docker:create_bootable_sd:start [2019/01/13 09:23] (現在)
admin
@@ ライン 1: / ライン 1: @@
+====== Boot 用 SD カードの準備 ======
+Docker の導入には、本体 Flash Memory では容量が不足するため、SD カードから起動する形で導入します。\\
+以下 SD カード作成の方法には、Docker をサポートした Kernel が導入されているファームウェア (v4.0.0β1 以降) が必要です。
+\\
+===== パーティション作成 =====
+購入した状態の SD カードは、Windows 用のパーティション構成(FAT32) となっていますので、fdisk コマンドにより下記パーティション構成に変更します。
+|< 25em 3em 6em 6em 4em>|
+^  No.  ^  Partition type  ^  容量  ^  Note  ^
+|  1  |  0x06  |  100MiB程度  |  active  |
+|  2  |  0x83  |  残り全部((swap を利用したい場合、その分を残して使うこともありだと思います))  | |
+\\
+<code>
+root@plum:~# fdisk /dev/mmcblk0
+Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.31.1).
+Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
+Be careful before using the write command.
+Command (m for help): d  <---------- (1) FAT32 パーティションの削除
+Selected partition 1
+Partition 1 has been deleted.
+Command (m for help): n  <---------- (2) FAT16 パーティション作成 (for bootloader, /boot)
+Partition type
+   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
+   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
+Select (default p): p
+Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
+First sector (2048-3911679, default 2048):
+Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-3911679, default 3911679): +100M
+Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 100 MiB.
+Command (m for help): n  <---------- (3) Linux 用パーティション作成 (for root filesystem)
+Partition type
+   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
+   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
+Select (default p): p
+Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2
+First sector (206848-3911679, default 206848):
+Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (206848-3911679, default 3911679):
+Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 1.8 GiB.
+Command (m for help): t  <---------- (4) No.1 のパーティションタイプ変更 (Linux -> FAT16 へ)
+Partition number (1,2, default 2): 1
+Hex code (type L to list all codes): L
+  Empty           24  NEC DOS         81  Minix / old Lin bf  Solaris
+  FAT12           27  Hidden NTFS Win 82  Linux swap / So c1  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
+  XENIX root      39  Plan 9          83  Linux           c4  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
+  XENIX usr       3c  PartitionMagic  84  OS/2 hidden or  c6  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
+  FAT16 <32M      40  Venix 80286     85  Linux extended  c7  Syrinx
+  Extended        41  PPC PReP Boot   86  NTFS volume set da  Non-FS data
+  FAT16           42  SFS             87  NTFS volume set db  CP/M / CTOS / .
+  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d  QNX4.x          88  Linux plaintext de  Dell Utility
+  AIX             4e  QNX4.x 2nd part 8e  Linux LVM       df  BootIt
+  AIX bootable    4f  QNX4.x 3rd part 93  Amoeba          e1  DOS access
+ a  OS/2 Boot Manag 50  OnTrack DM      94  Amoeba BBT      e3  DOS R/O
+ b  W95 FAT32       51  OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f  BSD/OS          e4  SpeedStor
+ c  W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52  CP/M            a0  IBM Thinkpad hi ea  Rufus alignment
+ e  W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53  OnTrack DM6 Aux a5  FreeBSD         eb  BeOS fs
+ f  W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54  OnTrackDM6      a6  OpenBSD         ee  GPT
+  OPUS            55  EZ-Drive        a7  NeXTSTEP        ef  EFI (FAT-12/16/
+  Hidden FAT12    56  Golden Bow      a8  Darwin UFS      f0  Linux/PA-RISC b
+  Compaq diagnost 5c  Priam Edisk     a9  NetBSD          f1  SpeedStor
+  Hidden FAT16 <3 61  SpeedStor       ab  Darwin boot     f4  SpeedStor
+  Hidden FAT16    63  GNU HURD or Sys af  HFS / HFS+      f2  DOS secondary
+  Hidden HPFS/NTF 64  Novell Netware  b7  BSDI fs         fb  VMware VMFS
+  AST SmartSleep  65  Novell Netware  b8  BSDI swap       fc  VMware VMKCORE
+b  Hidden W95 FAT3 70  DiskSecure Mult bb  Boot Wizard hid fd  Linux raid auto
+c  Hidden W95 FAT3 75  PC/IX           bc  Acronis FAT32 L fe  LANstep
+e  Hidden W95 FAT1 80  Old Minix       be  Solaris boot    ff  BBT
+Hex code (type L to list all codes): 6
+Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'FAT16'.
+Command (m for help): a  <---------- (5) No.1 パーティションに active フラグをセットする
+Partition number (1,2, default 2): 1
+The bootable flag on partition 1 is enabled now.
+Command (m for help): p  <---------- (6) パーティション構成の確認
+Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 1.9 GiB, 2002780160 bytes, 3911680 sectors
+Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
+Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
+I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
+Disklabel type: dos
+Disk identifier: 0x00073ed7
+Device         Boot  Start     End Sectors  Size Id Type
+/dev/mmcblk0p1 *      2048  206847  204800  100M  6 FAT16
+/dev/mmcblk0p2      206848 3911679 3704832  1.8G 83 Linux
+Command (m for help): w  <---------- (7) パーティション構成を SD カードに書き込み、終了
+The partition table has been altered.
+Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
+Syncing disks.
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+\\
+===== ファイルシステム作成 =====
+==== No.1 パーティションのフォーマット(FAT) ====
+<code>
+root@plum:~# mkfs.vfat /dev/mmcblk0p1
+mkfs.fat 4.1 (2017-01-24)
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+\\
+==== No.2 パーティションのフォーマット(ext4) ====
+<code>
+root@plum:~# mkfs.ext4 /dev/mmcblk0p2
+mke2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
+Discarding device blocks: done
+Creating filesystem with 463104 4k blocks and 115920 inodes
+Filesystem UUID: 68c04c1f-5803-4164-b911-422e645a2885
+Superblock backups stored on blocks:
+, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
+Allocating group tables: done
+Writing inode tables: done
+Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
+Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+※ [[mae3xx_tips:create_rootfs_on_sd:start]] に書いたとおり、**mkfs.ext4** に **-i 4096** のオプションを追加しておいたほうが良いと思います。
+\\
+==== Bootloader ファイルのコピー ====
+No.1 パーティションを mount し、Bootloader のファイルをコピーします。\\
+Bootloader の 2 段目は、実機の Flash Memory からコピーします。
+^  File  ^  STAT  ^  SHA1SUM  ^  Info  |
+|{{:mae3xx_tips:setup_docker:mlo.zip|}}|2018/12/18 11:52 31.6 KB|dd42d4ade113c16a71815d312275695f218270bc|MLO(bootloader 1段目)|
+\\
+<code>
+root@plum:~# mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/sd/  <----- (1) No.1 パーティション (FAT) を mount
+root@plum:~# cp /tmp/MLO /mnt/sd            <----- (2) MLO (Bootloader 1段目) をコピー
+root@plum:~# cat /proc/mtd
+dev:    size   erasesize  name
+mtd0: 0ff00000 00020000 "UBI"
+mtd1: 00100000 00020000 "OOPS"
+mtd2: 0040f800 0001f800 "kernel.0"
+mtd3: 0040f800 0001f800 "kernel.1"
+mtd4: 00217800 0001f800 "initramfs.0"
+mtd5: 00217800 0001f800 "initramfs.1"
+mtd6: 00217800 0001f800 "kmod.0"
+mtd7: 00217800 0001f800 "kmod.1"
+mtd8: 0501a800 0001f800 "rootfs.0"
+mtd9: 0501a800 0001f800 "rootfs.1"
+mtd10: 0191a000 0001f800 "opt"
+mtd11: 02bce000 0001f800 "overlay"
+mtd12: 00020000 00010000 "MLO"
+mtd13: 00080000 00010000 "barebox.bin"
+mtd14: 00020000 00010000 "barebox.env"
+mtd15: 00020000 00010000 "dtb.0"
+mtd16: 00020000 00010000 "dtb.1"
+mtd17: 00020000 00010000 "hist_firmup"
+mtd18: 000e0000 00010000 "hist_boot"
+root@plum:~# cp /dev/mtdblock13 /mnt/sd/barebox.bin  <----- (3) FlashMemory から Bootloader 2段目 をコピー
+root@plum:~# ls -l /mnt/sd/
+total 562
+-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 524288 Dec 18 11:54 barebox.bin
+-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  49304 Dec 18 11:54 MLO
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+\\
+==== Kernel, DeviceTree のコピー ====
+Kernel, DeviceTree を本体 FlashMemory からコピーします。\\
+起動している側のエリアのファイルをコピーします。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# cat /proc/cmdline
+ubi.mtd=UBI mtdoops.mtddev=OOPS mtdoops.record_size=8192 zswap.enabled=1  root=AREA=0 omap_wdt.start_at_boot=1
+ omap_wdt.timer_margin=180 console=ttyO0,115200  overlay=tmpfs overlay_driver=aufs  rootdelay=1 reset_cause=POR
+ usbcore.autosuspend=-1 xio_id=3 mtdparts=omap2-nand.0:255M(UBI),-(OOPS)
+</code>
+\\
+''root=AREA=0'' となっていますので、AREA0 の領域からコピーします。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# cat /proc/mtd
+dev:    size   erasesize  name
+mtd0: 0ff00000 00020000 "UBI"
+mtd1: 00100000 00020000 "OOPS"
+mtd2: 0040f800 0001f800 "kernel.0"  <----- Kernel
+mtd3: 0040f800 0001f800 "kernel.1"
+mtd4: 00217800 0001f800 "initramfs.0"
+mtd5: 00217800 0001f800 "initramfs.1"
+mtd6: 00217800 0001f800 "kmod.0"
+mtd7: 00217800 0001f800 "kmod.1"
+mtd8: 0501a800 0001f800 "rootfs.0"
+mtd9: 0501a800 0001f800 "rootfs.1"
+mtd10: 0191a000 0001f800 "opt"
+mtd11: 02bce000 0001f800 "overlay"
+mtd12: 00020000 00010000 "MLO"
+mtd13: 00080000 00010000 "barebox.bin"
+mtd14: 00020000 00010000 "barebox.env"
+mtd15: 00020000 00010000 "dtb.0"  <----- DeviceTree
+mtd16: 00020000 00010000 "dtb.1"
+mtd17: 00020000 00010000 "hist_firmup"
+mtd18: 000e0000 00010000 "hist_boot"
+</code>
+<code>
+root@plum:/mnt/sd# cp /dev/mtdblock2 uImage
+root@plum:/mnt/sd# cp /dev/mtdblock15 plum-ma.dtb
+</code>
+\\
+ここまでの作業で、No.1 パーティションには下記のファイルが配置されました。
+<code>
+root@plum:/mnt/sd# ls -l
+total 4848
+-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  524288 Dec 18 11:54 barebox.bin
+-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   49304 Dec 18 11:54 MLO
+-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  131072 Dec 18 12:38 plum-ma.dtb
+-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4257792 Dec 18 12:38 uImage
+root@plum:/mnt/sd#
+</code>
+\\
+No.1 パーティションは umount しておきます。
+<code>
+root@plum:/mnt/sd# cd
+root@plum:~# umount /mnt/sd
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+\\
+==== root filesystem の作成 ====
+Ubuntu 18.04LTS の root filesystem を、No.2 パーティションに作成します。\\
+まず、mount します。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# mount /dev/mmcblk0p2 /mnt/sd
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+\\
+Debootstrap コマンドで、Ubuntu 18.04LTS のベース部分を作成しますので、debootstrap パッケージを導入します。\\
+インターネットに接続できるように設定しておく必要があります。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# apt update
+Get:1 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic InRelease [242 kB]
+Get:2 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]
+Get:3 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security InRelease [83.2 kB]
+Get:4 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/main armhf Packages [968 kB]
+Get:5 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/main Translation-en [516 kB]
+Get:6 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/restricted armhf Packages [8,360 B]
+Get:7 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/restricted Translation-en [3,584 B]
+Get:8 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/universe armhf Packages [8,269 kB]
+Get:9 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/universe Translation-en [4,941 kB]
+Get:10 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/multiverse armhf Packages [129 kB]
+Get:11 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/multiverse Translation-en [108 kB]
+Get:12 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/main armhf Packages [368 kB]
+Get:13 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/main Translation-en [172 kB]
+Get:14 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/restricted armhf Packages [6,460 B]
+Get:15 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/restricted Translation-en [3,076 B]
+Get:16 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/universe armhf Packages [559 kB]
+Get:17 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/universe Translation-en [171 kB]
+Get:18 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/multiverse armhf Packages [3,128 B]
+Get:19 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/multiverse Translation-en [3,356 B]
+Get:20 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/main armhf Packages [150 kB]
+Get:21 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/main Translation-en [85.0 kB]
+Get:22 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/universe armhf Packages [107 kB]
+Get:23 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/universe Translation-en [61.4 kB]
+Get:24 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/multiverse armhf Packages [644 B]
+Get:25 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/multiverse Translation-en [996 B]
+Fetched 17.0 MB in 28s (613 kB/s)
+Reading package lists... Done
+Building dependency tree
+Reading state information... Done
+packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+<code>
+root@plum:~# apt install debootstrap
+Reading package lists... Done
+Building dependency tree
+Reading state information... Done
+The following additional packages will be installed:
+  dirmngr gnupg gnupg-l10n gnupg-utils gpg gpg-agent gpg-wks-client gpg-wks-server gpgconf gpgsm
+  libassuan0 libksba8 libnpth0 pinentry-curses
+Suggested packages:
+  ubuntu-archive-keyring dbus-user-session pinentry-gnome3 tor parcimonie xloadimage scdaemon
+  pinentry-doc
+The following NEW packages will be installed:
+  debootstrap dirmngr gnupg gnupg-l10n gnupg-utils gpg gpg-agent gpg-wks-client gpg-wks-server gpgconf
+  gpgsm libassuan0 libksba8 libnpth0 pinentry-curses
+upgraded, 15 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
+Need to get 1,893 kB of archives.
+After this operation, 4,613 kB of additional disk space will be used.
+Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
+Get:1 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/main armhf libassuan0 armhf 2.5.1-2 [28.3 kB]
+Get:2 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/main armhf gpgconf armhf 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1 [105 kB]
+... 略 ...
+Setting up gpg-wks-server (2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1) ...
+Setting up gpg-wks-client (2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1) ...
+Setting up gnupg (2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1) ...
+Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+\\
+debootstrap コマンドを実行します。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# debootstrap bionic /mnt/sd http://ports.ubuntu.com
+I: Retrieving InRelease
+I: Checking Release signature
+I: Valid Release signature (key id 790BC7277767219C42C86F933B4FE6ACC0B21F32)
+I: Retrieving Packages
+I: Validating Packages
+... 略 ...
+I: Configuring console-setup-linux...
+I: Configuring console-setup...
+I: Configuring ubuntu-minimal...
+I: Configuring libc-bin...
+I: Configuring systemd...
+I: Configuring ca-certificates...
+I: Configuring initramfs-tools...
+I: Base system installed successfully.
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+Ubuntu の root filesystem が作成されました。
+\\
+==== Kernel module のコピー ====
+実機から、Kernel module をコピーします。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# cd /mnt/sd/lib/
+root@plum:/mnt/sd/lib# mkdir modules
+root@plum:/mnt/sd/lib# cd modules/
+root@plum:/mnt/sd/lib/modules# cp -af /lib/modules/4.19.9+ .
+root@plum:/mnt/sd/lib/modules# ls -l
+total 4
+drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 18 09:21 4.19.9+
+</code>
+\\
+==== apt line のコピー ====
+debootstrap しただけですと、apt line に **main** しか設定されていない状態なのでコピーしておきます。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# cat /mnt/sd/etc/apt/sources.list
+deb http://ports.ubuntu.com bionic main
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+<code>
+root@plum:~# cp /etc/apt/sources.list /mnt/sd/etc/apt/
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+\\
+===== ネットワークの設定 =====
+ネットワークの設定がカラの状態なので、実機からコピーしておきます。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# cp /etc/network/interfaces /mnt/sd/etc/network/interfaces
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+\\
+===== 初期設定 =====
+root filesystem に chroot し、Ubuntu の各種設定を行います。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# chroot /mnt/sd
+root@plum:/#
+</code>
+\\
+==== パッケージ更新 ====
+セキュリティアップデートなどが適用されていない状態なので、パッケージの更新をしておきます。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# apt update
+Get:1 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic InRelease [242 kB]
+Get:2 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]
+Get:3 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security InRelease [83.2 kB]
+Get:4 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/main armhf Packages [968 kB]
+Get:5 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/main Translation-en [516 kB]
+Get:6 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/restricted armhf Packages [8360 B]
+Get:7 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/restricted Translation-en [3584 B]
+Get:8 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/universe armhf Packages [8269 kB]
+Get:9 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/universe Translation-en [4941 kB]
+Get:10 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/multiverse armhf Packages [129 kB]
+Get:11 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/multiverse Translation-en [108 kB]
+Get:12 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/main armhf Packages [368 kB]
+Get:13 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/main Translation-en [172 kB]
+Get:14 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/restricted armhf Packages [6460 B]
+Get:15 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/restricted Translation-en [3076 B]
+Get:16 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/universe armhf Packages [559 kB]
+Get:17 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/universe Translation-en [171 kB]
+Get:18 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/multiverse armhf Packages [3128 B]
+Get:19 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/multiverse Translation-en [3356 B]
+Get:20 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/main armhf Packages [150 kB]
+Get:21 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/main Translation-en [85.0 kB]
+Get:22 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/universe armhf Packages [107 kB]
+Get:23 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/universe Translation-en [61.4 kB]
+Get:24 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/multiverse armhf Packages [644 B]
+Get:25 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security/multiverse Translation-en [996 B]
+Fetched 17.0 MB in 32s (534 kB/s)
+Reading package lists... Done
+Building dependency tree... Done
+packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
+</code>
+<code>
+root@plum:~# apt upgrade
+Reading package lists... Done
+Building dependency tree... Done
+Calculating upgrade... Done
+The following NEW packages will be installed:
+  python3-netifaces
+The following packages will be upgraded:
+  apt apt-utils base-files bsdutils console-setup console-setup-linux distro-info-data dpkg fdisk file
+  gcc-8-base gpgv initramfs-tools initramfs-tools-bin initramfs-tools-core keyboard-configuration kmod
+  libapparmor1 libapt-inst2.0 libapt-pkg5.0 libblkid1 libcryptsetup12 libdns-export1100 libfdisk1
+  libgcc1 libgcrypt20 libglib2.0-0 libglib2.0-data libisc-export169 libkmod2 libmagic-mgc libmagic1
+  libmount1 libncurses5 libncursesw5 libnss-systemd libpam-systemd libprocps6 libpython3-stdlib
+  libpython3.6-minimal libpython3.6-stdlib libsmartcols1 libssl1.1 libstdc++6 libsystemd0 libtinfo5
+  libudev1 libuuid1 libxml2 mount ncurses-base ncurses-bin netcat-openbsd netplan.io
+  networkd-dispatcher nplan openssl perl-base procps python3 python3-minimal python3.6
+  python3.6-minimal systemd systemd-sysv tzdata ubuntu-keyring udev util-linux
+upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
+Need to get 22.0 MB of archives.
+After this operation, 295 kB of additional disk space will be used.
+Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
+... 略 ...
+Setting up file (1:5.32-2ubuntu0.1) ...
+Setting up python3-netifaces (0.10.4-0.1build4) ...
+Setting up networkd-dispatcher (1.7-0ubuntu3.3) ...
+Installing new version of config file /etc/default/networkd-dispatcher ...
+Setting up netplan.io (0.40.1~18.04.3) ...
+Setting up nplan (0.40.1~18.04.3) ...
+Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
+Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.130ubuntu3.5) ...
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+\\
+==== Timezone 設定 ====
+Timezone を **Asia/Tokyo** に設定します。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
+perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
+perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
+	LANGUAGE = (unset),
+	LC_ALL = (unset),
+	LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
+    are supported and installed on your system.
+perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
+locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
+locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
+locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
+/usr/bin/locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
+/usr/bin/locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
+/usr/bin/locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
+Current default time zone: 'Asia/Tokyo'
+Local time is now:      Tue Dec 18 13:41:44 JST 2018.
+Universal Time is now:  Tue Dec 18 04:41:44 UTC 2018.
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+\\
+==== locale 設定 ====
+必要な locale を作成しておきます。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# dpkg-reconfigure locales
+perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
+perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
+	LANGUAGE = (unset),
+	LC_ALL = (unset),
+	LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
+    are supported and installed on your system.
+perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
+locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
+locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
+locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
+/usr/bin/locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
+/usr/bin/locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
+/usr/bin/locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
+Generating locales (this might take a while)...
+  en_US.UTF-8... done
+  ja_JP.UTF-8... done
+Generation complete.
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+en_US, ja_JP の UTF8 だけ作成しました。
+\\
+==== ユーザーの作成 ====
+ユーザー((例では user1 にしていますが、任意です。))を作成しておきます。sudo も実行できるよう、sudo group へ追加しておきます。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# adduser user1
+Adding user `user1' ...
+Adding new group `user1' (1000) ...
+Adding new user `user1' (1000) with group `user1' ...
+Creating home directory `/home/user1' ...
+Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...
+Enter new UNIX password:
+Retype new UNIX password:
+passwd: password updated successfully
+Changing the user information for user1
+Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
+	Full Name []: MA-E3xx User
+	Room Number []:
+	Work Phone []:
+	Home Phone []:
+	Other []:
+Is the information correct? [Y/n] y
+root@plum:~# usermod -a -G sudo user1
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+\\
+==== 追加パッケージの導入(任意) ====
+従来とおなじ方式で Network の設定をしたい場合、パッケージを追加で導入しておきます。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# apt install ifupdown net-tools
+Reading package lists... Done
+Building dependency tree
+Reading state information... Done
+Suggested packages:
+  ppp rdnssd
+The following NEW packages will be installed:
+  ifupdown net-tools
+upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
+Need to get 220 kB of archives.
+After this operation, 790 kB of additional disk space will be used.
+Get:1 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates/main armhf ifupdown armhf 0.8.17ubuntu1.1 [51.5 kB]
+Get:2 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic/main armhf net-tools armhf 1.60+git20161116.90da8a0-1ubuntu1 [169 kB]
+Fetched 220 kB in 2s (143 kB/s)
+E: Can not write log (Is /dev/pts mounted?) - posix_openpt (19: No such device)
+Selecting previously unselected package ifupdown.
+(Reading database ... 11107 files and directories currently installed.)
+Preparing to unpack .../ifupdown_0.8.17ubuntu1.1_armhf.deb ...
+Unpacking ifupdown (0.8.17ubuntu1.1) ...
+Selecting previously unselected package net-tools.
+Preparing to unpack .../net-tools_1.60+git20161116.90da8a0-1ubuntu1_armhf.deb ...
+Unpacking net-tools (1.60+git20161116.90da8a0-1ubuntu1) ...
+Setting up ifupdown (0.8.17ubuntu1.1) ...
+Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/networking.service → /lib/systemd/system/networking.service.
+Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/network-online.target.wants/networking.service → /lib/systemd/system/networking.service.
+Processing triggers for systemd (237-3ubuntu10.9) ...
+Setting up net-tools (1.60+git20161116.90da8a0-1ubuntu1) ...
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+\\
+ssh でログインして作業する場合、ssh を導入しておきます。
+<code>
+root@plum:~# apt install ssh
+Reading package lists... Done
+Building dependency tree
+Reading state information... Done
+The following additional packages will be installed:
+  krb5-locales libedit2 libgssapi-krb5-2 libk5crypto3 libkeyutils1 libkrb5-3 libkrb5support0 libpsl5
+  libssl1.0.0 libwrap0 libx11-6 libx11-data libxau6 libxcb1 libxdmcp6 libxext6 libxmuu1
+  multiarch-support ncurses-term openssh-client openssh-server openssh-sftp-server publicsuffix
+  python3-certifi python3-chardet python3-idna python3-pkg-resources python3-requests python3-six
+  python3-urllib3 ssh-import-id wget xauth
+Suggested packages:
+  krb5-doc krb5-user keychain libpam-ssh monkeysphere ssh-askpass molly-guard rssh ufw
+  python3-setuptools python3-cryptography python3-openssl python3-socks
+The following NEW packages will be installed:
+  krb5-locales libedit2 libgssapi-krb5-2 libk5crypto3 libkeyutils1 libkrb5-3 libkrb5support0 libpsl5
+  libssl1.0.0 libwrap0 libx11-6 libx11-data libxau6 libxcb1 libxdmcp6 libxext6 libxmuu1
+  multiarch-support ncurses-term openssh-client openssh-server openssh-sftp-server publicsuffix
+  python3-certifi python3-chardet python3-idna python3-pkg-resources python3-requests python3-six
+  python3-urllib3 ssh ssh-import-id wget xauth
+upgraded, 34 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
+Need to get 4,145 kB of archives.
+After this operation, 19.1 MB of additional disk space will be used.
+Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
+... 略 ...
+Creating config file /etc/ssh/sshd_config with new version
+Creating SSH2 RSA key; this may take some time ...
+SHA256:k/J+bgGuWMsUN9GNQFTJI9segZYZpEcm5J25JzuW8XM root@plum (RSA)
+Creating SSH2 ECDSA key; this may take some time ...
+SHA256:247qQgDiEwrKEIVXJWHicy3LrPeVBfLhASsfbYefp/U root@plum (ECDSA)
+Creating SSH2 ED25519 key; this may take some time ...
+SHA256:DsMLBgUCShnQ3DEb9ICFGGFgydPnbG8yN+rFrLVtn1E root@plum (ED25519)
+Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sshd.service → /lib/systemd/system/ssh.service.
+Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ssh.service → /lib/systemd/system/ssh.service.
+invoke-rc.d: could not determine current runlevel
+Setting up ssh (1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.1) ...
+Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
+Processing triggers for systemd (237-3ubuntu10.9) ...
+root@plum:~#
+</code>
+\\
+これで完了です。chroot 環境から exit し、shutdown しておきます。

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